Microplate Reader Technology and Applications

Microplate readers are core instruments for enzyme immunoassays (such as ELISA). They analyze microsamples by detecting the light signal (Chromogenesis or Luminesce) generated by enzyme-catalyzed substrates. The classification, functions, and application areas are as follows:

Core Technology Classification:

1. Filter-based: Fixed-wavelength filters(e.g., 405, 450, 490, and 630 nm), offering a simple structure and low cost, but the wavelength is fixed and filter replacement is expensive.

2. Grating-based: Grating-based spectrophotometry, offering continuous wavelength adjustment (within 1nm step) and full-wavelength scanning. This flexibility makes them suitable for non-targeted screening and represents a significant technological advancement.

Evolution of Detection Functions:

1. Basic function: Absorption (colorimetric detection).

2. Extended functions: Fluorescence and luminescence (highly sensitive, available in flash and glow types). 3. Multifunctional Integration: Modern high-end microplate readers integrate multiple detection modules, including absorbance, fluorescence, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. Their powerful functionality and wide application make them the preferred choice for laboratories, eliminating the need for duplicate purchases.

Core Application Areas:

1. In Vitro Diagnostics: Widely used for disease screening (e.g., preoperative examinations, hormone testing) and biomarker analysis.

2. Food Safety: Detecting pesticide and veterinary drug residues, additives, mycotoxins (e.g., aflatoxins), and clenbuterol.

3. Environmental Monitoring: Detecting pollutants in water and soil (e.g., persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, antibiotics), and algal toxins.

4. Life Sciences and Pharmaceuticals: Used for DNA/RNA/protein quantification, cell viability characterization, and drug development.